Measuring and Analyzing the Effect of Corruption on Tourism Investment in Iraq Using the NARDL Model

The research aims to analyze the relationship between corruption and investment, and measure and analyze the effect of corruption on tourism investment in Iraq for the period (2003 - 2021) using the NARDL model.
The research found that there is a long-term, non-linear inverse relationship between corruption and tourism investment in Iraq. In addition, increasing the corruption perceptions index (decreasing corruption rates) by (1%) will lead to an increase in tourism investment in Iraq by (1.77%), while decreasing corruption perceptions index (increasing corruption rates) by (1%) will lead to a decrease in tourism investment in Iraq by (1.69%).
The research recommends the need to improve the investment environment in Iraq and provide support and facilities to investors in the tourism sector, by facilitating administrative procedures, reducing bureaucracy, improving infrastructure and logistics services related to tourism, and reducing costs and taxes on tourism investments.