A Survey of Carbon Economics through The Abolishment of Local Crude Oil Refineries Owned by Individuals in Emohua Local Government Area of Rivers State

This study explores the interplay between carbon economics and the environmental implications of abolishing individually-owned local crude oil refineries in Emohua Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria. Against the backdrop of Nigeria's carbon-intensive economy and the proliferation of unregulated oil refining activities, this research identifies a critical knowledge gap in understanding localized carbon dynamics and their broader ecological and economic consequences. Utilizing a correlational research design, a stratified sample of 120 male adults from four communities was surveyed using a validated questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson Product-Moment Correlation to assess relationships among the emergence of local refineries, environmental health, and carbon economic variables. The findings reveal a statistically significant, moderate positive correlation between the rise of local refineries and environmental degradation, as well as between carbon economics and both environmental health and the proposed abolition of these refineries. The results underscore the ecological cost of carbon-driven industrial practices and support the urgent need for targeted policy reforms. The study implies that while locally-owned refineries contribute to economic sustenance in oil-producing regions, they simultaneously exacerbate carbon emissions and environmental harm. Therefore, policies aimed at refinery abolition must also address the socioeconomic roots of illegal refining activities, such as unemployment and weak regulatory institutions. This research contributes to the discourse on sustainable environmental management by highlighting the role of localized carbon economies and informing carbon mitigation strategies within the context of Nigeria’s energy landscape.