Universal Myth as a Structural Element in the Works of Russian Writers

This paper investigates the role and significance of myth as a structural element in Russian literature, with a particular focus on its transformation and reinterpretation from the 19th century through to the 21st century. Drawing upon both classical and contemporary sources, the study highlights how myth has served not only as a narrative foundation but also as a medium for cultural reflection and philosophical exploration. The integration of myth into literary texts has enabled Russian writers to address complex existential questions, articulate national identity, and critique socio-political developments. Particular emphasis is placed on the Symbolist movement, where poets such as Vyacheslav Ivanov and Andrei Bely adopted myth as a creative tool to synthesize pagan and Christian motifs, and to explore metaphysical themes. The analysis extends to postmodern and contemporary writers, such as Viktor Pelevin and Ludmila Ulitskaya, who employ authorial myths as frameworks for constructing alternative worldviews and for deconstructing prevailing ideological narratives. The research demonstrates that myths in Russian literature have evolved from static folkloric traditions into dynamic literary devices capable of conveying irony, parody, and intertextual commentary. Through close textual analysis, the paper illustrates how myth functions not merely as thematic content but as a structural and symbolic mechanism, shaping the aesthetic and ideological dimensions of literary production. Ultimately, the enduring appeal of myth in Russian literature reflects its adaptability and its capacity to resonate with readers across historical and cultural contexts.