Financing Higher Education in Transition Economies: The Case of Uzbekistan and Central Asia

This study explores the evolving role of governments in financing higher education systems in Uzbekistan and other Central Asian countries. Employing a comparative policy analysis based on secondary data and selected case studies, the research identifies a gradual shift towards performance-based funding mechanisms and increased financial diversification. However, the findings also reveal persistent structural challenges, including insufficient public funding, regional disparities in resource allocation, and limited institutional autonomy. In response, the paper proposes policy recommendations focused on reforming funding frameworks, strengthening public–private partnerships, and advancing digital investments to enhance the financial sustainability and efficiency of higher education institutions.