Publication Details
Abstract
Employment is one of the most important socio-economic categories that reflects the effective participation of the population in economic activity and plays a key role in ensuring sustainable economic growth and social stability. This article examines the economic essence of the population employment category, its theoretical foundations, and the stages of its formation and development within the context of economic thought. The study analyzes the evolution of employment concepts from classical economic theories to modern approaches based on human capital and labor market regulation. Special attention is given to the structural transformation of employment, changes in labor market mechanisms, and the role of state policy in regulating employment processes. The research also highlights the relationship between employment, economic productivity, and social welfare. As a result, the study provides a comprehensive understanding of the development of the employment category and its significance in modern socio-economic systems.