Global Environmental Challenges and Theoretical and Practical Foundations for Improving the Socio-Ecological Protection System in Uzbekistan

The increasing complexity of global environmental challenges has highlighted the urgent need for comprehensive socio-ecological protection systems, especially in countries facing acute resource constraints and environmental vulnerabilities. Uzbekistan, with its arid climate, dependence on transboundary water resources, and ongoing industrialization, faces unique pressures that require integrated and adaptive policy measures. This article examines the theoretical foundations and practical strategies for improving Uzbekistan’s socio-ecological protection system in the context of global environmental change. Emphasis is placed on the integration of environmental policy with social development programs, the role of public participation, and the importance of regional cooperation. Recommendations include modernizing water and agricultural management, advancing green energy, strengthening legislative and institutional frameworks, and fostering environmental awareness among citizens.