Bioclimatic Approach and Factors of Typological Formation in Low-Rise Courtyard Residential Buildings (On the Example of Peripheral Areas of Jizzakh Region)

The article analyzes the factors of bioclimatic approach and typological formation in low-rise courtyard housing, using the peripheral areas of Jizzakh region as a case study. The research highlights the impact of architectural means such as the courtyard, veranda, semi-open spaces, orientation, thick walls, local materials, and landscaping on energy efficiency. It also substantiates the relationship between housing typology and the plot, the courtyard-building ratio, residential and service zones, the family-demographic model, and natural-climatic conditions. As a result, an integrated model of bioclimatic and typological approaches to the formation of energy-efficient housing is proposed.