Style, Holistic Consideration of a Work of Art and the Problem of Selective Analysis in Russian Literature

One of the most relevant today, the central problems of the theory of literature is the systematic development of the theory of a work of art. This article is devoted to solving a fundamental aesthetic and literary problem: the study of a work of art as a form of social consciousness and, at the same time, as a proper aesthetic object. The subject of analytical consideration is not the text and not the "world of ideas" of the work, but rather the work of art - an integral object that carries, on the one hand, an ideal spiritual content , which can exist, on the other hand, only in an extremely complexly organized form: a literary text. The problem of finding new ways to comprehend a literary work as an integral object, not divided into "pure" aesthetics and psychology, religion and philosophy, morality and politics, was put on the agenda. The actual task can be formulated as follows: it is necessary to synthesize an innovative, universal methodology that allows one to see and explore both individual facets of a holistic phenomenon, and the totality of all moments of the whole. With the help of this article we set the goal of developing just such a methodological system, as well as demonstrating its unique capabilities.