The Geographical Nature of The City of Qom and Its Impact On The Societal Diversity of Its Residents in Islamic

This research revolves around studying the geographical nature of the city of Qom and its impact on the social diversity of its inhabitants during the Islamic eras. Qom city is characterized by a strategically important location near the Iranian capital, Tehran, and this geographical nature has influenced the diversity of the community and cultures in the city over the centuries. As a prominent religious center in Islam, Qom attracted Muslims from various races and cultures, leading to the exchange of cultures and peaceful coexistence among the population. The city has evolved over time to become an important industrial and economic center, making it home to various industries and a distribution hub for petroleum and fuels. However, cultural and religious heritage remains an integral part of the city's identity, as it is rich in important religious landmarks and historical sites that attract visitors from around the world. Based on this study, it can be concluded that the geographical nature of Qom plays a significant role in shaping social and cultural diversity, and in promoting communication and understaning among the population during and after the Islamic eras.