BASIC RULES OF CALCULATION OF BRIDGE NET SPACES

Bridge abutment washes affect the strength of the bridge and access risers, especially cones. To ensure stability, the supporting foundations are placed deeper than the depth of the wash, and the earth elevations are protected from washing. Smaller span sizes may be more cost-effective when washouts are larger. When the river bed is narrowed, the length of expensive intermediate devices replaced by cheap risers is reduced, but at the same time, the depth of the foundations is slightly increased.