Publication Details
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, remain one of the most important challenges facing the global healthcare system today. These diseases are characterized by a misdirected response of the body's immune system against its own tissues and are accompanied by chronic inflammation, structural and functional disorders of joints and internal organs over the years. Rheumatoid arthritis in particular is characterized by persistent joint pain, limited mobility, and a decrease in the patient's quality of life. This article comprehensively reviews current treatment strategies for rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases. In particular, the therapeutic advantages, safety, and efficacy of immunosuppressive drugs, biological agents (TNF-alpha blockers, interleukin antagonists), JAK inhibitors, and targeted synthetic drugs are discussed. Combination therapy, individualized approach, and methods for genetic and biomarker-based prognosis and assessment of treatment outcomes are also presented. In addition, the article analyzes the current clinical experience with modern treatment approaches, along with their advantages, limitations, side effects and long-term results. It is noted that compared with previous approaches, new drugs can suppress inflammation more quickly, maintain remission for a long time and significantly improve the quality of life. The main goal of the article is to highlight the theoretical and practical foundations of innovative therapeutic approaches aimed at increasing the effectiveness of treatment in rheumatic and other autoimmune diseases, and to demonstrate their potential for use in clinical practice. The results of this study may be useful for specialists, doctors and students of medical universities conducting scientific research in the fields of modern rheumatology and immunology.