The Importance of Neurosonography in Early Detection of Congenital Central Nervous System Defects

Congenital central nervous system (CNS) defects represent a significant portion of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide, contributing substantially to neurological disability and developmental delays among children. The early and accurate identification of these malformations is essential for effective medical intervention, prognosis assessment, and parental counseling. In recent decades, advances in medical imaging technology have revolutionized prenatal and postnatal diagnostics, allowing clinicians to visualize even subtle structural abnormalities of the fetal and neonatal brain. Among these technologies, neurosonography—a specialized ultrasonographic examination of the brain—has emerged as a highly informative, non-invasive, and safe method for detecting congenital CNS defects during the early stages of development.