The Pathogenic Role of Vitamin D Deficiency and Endothelial Dysfunction in Adolescent Arterial Hypertension

This thesis investigates the pathogenic relationship between vitamin D deficiency and endothelial dysfunction in the onset of essential arterial hypertension in teenagers in Uzbekistan. As hypertension rates among adolescents grow, particularly in metropolitan regions with restricted sunlight and nutritional discrepancies, it is imperative to comprehend early biological risk factors. The research encompassed 84 teenagers aged 12 to 18 years from mainstream educational institutions in Tashkent and Chirchiq. Participants were classified into hypertension and normotensive groups based on established blood pressure percentiles. Fasting blood samples were examined to ascertain serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and Endothelin-1-21 (ET-1-21) concentrations by ELISA. The findings indicated that vitamin D insufficiency was markedly more prevalent in hypertensive adolescents (64%) compared to the control group (22%). Simultaneously, ET-1-21 concentrations were significantly elevated in hypertensive subjects (3.85 ± 0.42 pg/mL), suggesting early endothelial impairment. A substantial inverse connection was noted between vitamin D levels and ET-1-21 concentrations (r = -0.51, p < 0.01). The findings underscore the need for early screening and preventive measures focused on vitamin D levels and vascular health in adolescents.