Legal Norms for Ensuring the Quality and Safety of Food Products

This article examines the role of biological and landscape diversity in Uzbekistan as a component of national wealth and analyzes, from a legal perspective, the issues of ensuring the quality and safety of food products during the utilization of biological resources. The concepts of biodiversity and “biological resources” are explored, highlighting their economic and social significance for food, industrial, and medical sectors. The study comparatively investigates the national legislation regulating the use of plant resources, food quality and safety, and healthy nutrition, alongside the recommendations of international organizations. Environmental and legal risks associated with genetic engineering and genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are analyzed, substantiating the need for a dedicated law on genetic engineering in Uzbekistan. Furthermore, proposals are made to incorporate the GMO concept into the “Law on the Quality and Safety of Food Products,” clarify the functions of authorized sanitary and veterinary authorities, and optimize certain legal provisions. The author emphasizes the necessity of harmonizing national legislation on the rational use of biological resources and food safety with international experience.