Stages of Development of Political Science and Political Technologies

This article analyzes the formation and stages of development of political science and examines the role of modern political technologies in contemporary society. The study traces the evolution of political thought from early normative approaches to institutional, behavioral, and digital paradigms, explaining how research methods and analytical perspectives have changed over time. The paper also explores the influence of political communication, electoral strategies, information-psychological impact, big data analytics, and artificial intelligence on political processes. It highlights that while these technologies increase governance efficiency, they also create new challenges related to manipulation and information security.
The study concludes that political science today is not only a theoretical body of knowledge but also a practical analytical system aimed at managing social processes, forecasting political developments, and ensuring societal stability.