Formation of Lexical Competence among Engineering Students in the Process of ESP (English for Specific Purposes) Instruction

This article addresses the challenges of teaching professional vocabulary within the framework of foreign language instruction at engineering institutes. It is argued that difficulties in mastering vocabulary, particularly profession-oriented terminology, stem from the insufficient development of modern instructional technologies for lexical acquisition. In response, the author developed a specialized methodology for teaching professional vocabulary in engineering contexts. The study describes an instructional algorithm consisting of three core stages: introduction, formation, and refinement. Practical examples of exercises designed to reinforce lexical mastery are provided, along with a systematic approach to introducing economic terminology within the theme "Engineering as a Science Today." The proposed technology includes a tiered system of exercises, differentiated by complexity, suitable for integration into the English language curricula of engineering universities.