Publication Details
Abstract
Objective: This review display the mechanistic link between inflammation response and male infertility disorders, emphasizing the immunological and oxidative ways contributed in the deterioration of sperm impotent and function. Method: The map of diffusion shows that pro-inflammatory cytokines overproduction and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production lead to oxidative stress, which results in cellular damage to membrane and nuclear structures, and subsequently causes apoptosis of sperm cells. Results: Male reproductive tract inflammatory conditions, including epididymitis and urethritis and varicocele diseases and testicular torsion, result in impaired sperm quality through their disruption of accessory gland function and sperm transport and spermatid formation process. With increased cytokine levels, sperm motility and morphology and concentration decrease. Novelty: Spermatogenesis is an elevated coordinated process involving the proliferation and differentiation of germinal cystocele within the testis in seminiferous tubules, essential for fertility in male specially. The complete process depends on hormonal control and epigenetic mechanisms, which make it vulnerable to different internal and external disturbances. Inflammation represents a major obstacle to spermatogenesis since it results from infections and anatomical abnormalities and environmental exposures.