Publication Details
Abstract
This study investigates the temporal pattern of foreign tourist arrivals to Bukhara region (Uzbekistan) between 2023 and 2025, with the aim of identifying and statistically verifying the form of seasonal fluctuations. The analysis draws on thirty-six monthly observations and applies a local-extrema test together with five complementary concentration indicators: the seasonality index, the Gini coefficient, the coefficient of variation, the Herfindahl-Hirschman index, and the peak-to-trough ratio. The results show that Bukhara region displays a clearly defined bimodal seasonal profile. Two non-adjacent peak clusters appear in April-May and September-November, separated by distinct winter and summer troughs. The peak-to-trough ratio falls within 5.66-7.02, the Gini coefficient ranges from 0.269 to 0.315, and the four-extremum structure recurs consistently in each of the three years. The bimodal classification is therefore a structural rather than a transient property of the destination. The paper offers a replicable diagnostic procedure for distinguishing seasonal forms and provides the first empirical confirmation of bimodality in a Central Asian heritage destination.