Publication Details
Abstract
Comorbid course of bronchial asthma (BA) and chronic heart failure (CHF) is a significant clinical and pathophysiological problem that significantly affects the prognosis, quality of life and the effectiveness of therapy in patients. Despite the widespread prevalence of both nosologies, their combination remains insufficiently studied from the standpoint of complex clinical and functional analysis. This work is aimed at assessing the parameters of external respiration and hemodynamics in patients with concomitant BA and CHF in order to identify characteristic changes and develop approaches to personalized diagnostics and treatment. The study included 60 patients divided into three groups: with isolated bronchial asthma, with chronic heart failure and with their combination. All patients underwent spirometry, echocardiography, determination of NT-proBNP levels, a 6-minute walk test, an asthma control scale (ACT) and assessment of quality of life according to the MLHFQ scale. The obtained data showed that patients with comorbid course have significantly lower values of FEV1, left ventricular ejection fraction, elevated NT-proBNP levels, worsening exercise tolerance and a decrease in the overall level of asthma control. Particular attention is paid to the interpretation of the pathogenetic mechanisms of the interaction of respiratory and cardiac dysfunction. It was found that this category of patients experiences worsening systemic hypoxia, increased sympathoadrenal activity, worsening pulmonary perfusion and an increased risk of drug interactions. The analysis showed the need for a multidisciplinary approach to the management of patients with asthma and CHF, with regular monitoring of respiratory function and the cardiovascular system..