Abstract
This article analyzes the theoretical and practical aspects of regression coefficients as random variables. Regression analysis is one of the important statistical methods used to determine relationships between economic processes, evaluate the influence of different factors, and forecast future results. The article explains the essence of the regression model, its main elements, and the reason why regression coefficients are considered random variables due to their dependence on sample data. In addition, general information about the statistical properties of regression coefficients, such as mathematical expectation, variance, and other characteristics, is presented. During the research, the importance of regression coefficients in economic analysis is also discussed. With the help of regression analysis, it is possible to determine the relationship between economic indicators, evaluate the influence of factors, and support decision-making in economic activities. Furthermore, the article highlights that regression analysis allows economic processes to be studied and analyzed on a scientific basis. The results of the study show that regression analysis is an important tool in economic research and that the random nature of regression coefficients requires special attention in the process of statistical estimation.