Molecular Detection of Cryptosporidium spp. from Human in Iraq

This investigation was done for molecular detection of Cryptosporidium spp. From human in Iraq. Descriptive cross-sectional research was undertaken, whereby 300 faecal samples were collected from outpatients at a hospital over the period spanning from 2020 to the middle of 2022. Every new specimen was obtained in a sterile and clearly marked container with a screw-top lid. Subsequently, the samples were promptly frozen on a refrigerated pack that was appropriately labelled with the relevant patient information. Prior to sample collection, verbal agreement was obtained from each participant, as well as from the parents or guardians of babies and young children. Demographic data, including age, gender, place of residence, level of education, as well as other relevant information, were obtained by the administration of a specifically constructed questionnaire for the purpose of this research. Microscopic examination was conducted on stool specimens with the modified Ziehl Neelsen method. Macroscopic Examination: The naked eye was used to assess the consistency, odour, as well as the presence of blood, mucus, and pus in each fresh sample. PCR method was used to identify the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. by targeting the 18S ribosomal RNA gene in stool samples. The use of a modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain enabled the discernment of the morphological characteristics of the oocysts, so assisting in the practice of micrometry. The oocysts have an almost elliptical morphology, characterized by a mean length of 6.9±0.72 µm and a width of 5.8 ± 0.87 µm, as determined by measurement. The parasite exhibited conspicuous pink to red structures with high density on a background of blue or purple, accompanied by a distinct halo around the oocyst.