Next-Gen Cellulose Nanofibers from Cellulose Diacetate

This study explores the formation of cellulose nanofibers from cellulose diacetate (CDA) using electrospinning with acetone-water solvents in ratios of 95:5, 92.5:7.5, and 90:10. By employing saponification in an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution, cellulose II nanofibers were successfully obtained from CDA nanofibers. Comparative analyses using IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction revealed distinct properties of CDA and cellulose II nanofibers. The electrospinning process required a solvent with volatility similar to water, leading to the selection of acetone-water mixtures. Electrospinning was conducted under specific conditions: voltage 22–25 kV, flow rate 10-15 µl/min, temperature 25–40°C, and a 10-15 cm electrode distance. Morphological characteristics were examined via SEM, while IR-Fourier spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction provided structural insights. Results indicated that acetone solutions with 5-10% water were optimal for producing CDA nanofibers. The study highlights the potential practical applications of cellulose II nanofibrous nonwovens in various fields, filling a knowledge gap in the efficient production of cellulose nanofibers from CDA.