Effect of Preoperative Hematocrit on Prolonged Hospitalization for Patients Undergoing Coronary Arteries Bypass Grafting surgery: A Comparative Study

This research intended to address the question, "How does a low preoperative hematocrit level affect the risk of prolonged hospital stay in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery?". The methodology of this research is a prospective comparative study. the study included a random selection of one hundred patients who were scheduled to have isolated coronary artery bypass graft surgery. These patients were admitted to the surgical ward sequentially and monitored throughout their procedures, both during and after surgery. The anemic group consisted of patients whose preoperative hematocrit levels were below 36%, whereas non-anemic group consisted of patients whose previous hematocrit levels were over 36%, based on data obtained from direct interviews and patient medical records. patients were monitored both during and after the procedure in the surgical ward, the intensive care unit and the intraoperative period. Information gathered from patient medical records, interviews, and observation. The use of a checklist composed of four parts. Part 1: Patients’ socio-demographic and clinical characteristics preoperative, part2: intraoperative data, part3: intensive care unit data, part4: postoperative surgical ward. The research examined 41 individuals of anemic group patient who had low hematocrit levels before surgery. Significant variations were seen in variables related to intraoperative events such as changes in ECG, resuscitation, blood and platelet transfusion, and mortality. Among the groups undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting surgery procedure, there were a notable increase of early complications in the anemic group issues linked to postoperative intensive care unit and surgical ward stay, including ventilator time, pulmonary difficulties, drain volume, and blood transfusion. Significant prolonged hospital stay is associated with lower hematocrit levels before Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting surgery; however, other risk factors should also be taken into account.