Publication Details
Abstract
Spontaneous abortion (SA), a common complication of early pregnancy, is influenced by various hormonal and biochemical factors, yet the precise mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the hormonal and biochemical factors associated with SA, addressing the need for a deeper understanding of these associations. A case-control study was conducted between November 2023 and February 2024, involving a purposeful sample of seventy women diagnosed with SA, recruited from fertility centers and the Gynecology and Obstetrics Teaching Hospital in Karbala province, Iraq. Data collection involved an interview-based questionnaire covering personal, menstrual, obstetrical, medical history, and other potential risk factors, along with blood samples from both the SA group and healthy controls. The results revealed no significant differences in demographic characteristics between the SA and control groups (p > 0.05). However, significant reductions in progesterone, avB3, and E-Cadherin levels were observed in the SA group compared to the controls (p < 0.05). Additionally, a positive correlation was identified between progesterone and E-Cadherin (r = 0.072 and r = 0.34, respectively), and between avB3 and E-Cadherin (r = 0.324). These findings suggest that decreased levels of progesterone and avB3, along with an altered concentration of E-Cadherin, are strongly associated with SA and may contribute to its occurrence. This study highlights the potential role of these hormonal and biochemical markers in the pathogenesis of SA, offering insights that could inform future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing the risk of SA.