Synthesis, Characterization, Anticancer Activity Study of Novel Curcumin Analogues Against A549 Lung Cancer Cell Line

A series of new curcumin analogues were synthesized using the ultrasonic irradiation method, which involved the condensation reaction of 3-ethyl-2,4-pentandione and substituted aromatic aldehydes in the presence of boric oxide, trimethylborate, and butylamine. The synthesized compounds were identified using electron impact mass spectrometry (EI), 1HNMR,13CNMR and FTIR spectroscopy, which confirmed the proposed structure of the synthesized compounds. The in vitro anticancer activity study of synthesized compounds against the A549 lung cancer cell line was examined employing the microculture tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The results showed that compound 1 (IC50 10.8 µg/ml, SI of 17.56) has the most potent cytotoxic activity and high selectivity compared to curcumin (IC50 94.4 µg/ml, SI of 3.20). On the other hand, compound 7 (IC50 88.5 µg/ml, SI of 1.15) exhibits more anticancer activity against A549 lung cancer but has less selectivity than curcumin.