Study the Levels of Arrestin Beta2 in Patients with Glaucoma in Nassiriya Province, Iraq

Glaucoma, a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, is characterized by visual field anomalies and progressive retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss. Primary open-angle glaucoma affects over 57.5 million people, with risk factors including age, myopia, hypertension, thin corneal thickness, and family history. This study aimed to evaluate serum arrestin beta2 levels in glaucoma patients and healthy controls. Serum arrestin beta2 was measured in 88 subjects, including 50 glaucoma patients and 38 healthy controls, aged 40-70. Exclusion criteria included retinal diseases, hypertension, and vascular conditions. Results showed a significant decrease in arrestin beta2 levels in glaucoma patients compared to controls (p < 0.01), with higher levels observed in older healthy adults (60-70 years). These findings suggest that arrestin beta2 could be a potential biomarker for glaucoma progression, with implications for early detection and targeted treatment.