Publication Details
Abstract
This study investigates the prevalence and etiology of fungal infections, emphasizing traditional diagnostic methods. A total of 154 samples from skin (75.32%), hair (15.85%), and nails (9%) were analyzed, with a consultant dermatologist’s participation at the Turkish Hospital in Nasiriya between February and November 2023. Direct examination using KOH solution revealed a high infection prevalence, with 79% positive results. Females showed a higher infection rate (43.5%) than males (27.92%), and the 11-20 age group exhibited the highest incidence, primarily with ringworm infections. The study identified Trichophyton (54.66%) as the most prevalent genus, followed by T. mentagrophytes (37.33%) and other dermatophytes. Among the five antifungal agents tested—miconazole, ketoconazole, nystatin, fluconazole, and co-trimoxazole—miconazole and nystatin showed the highest inhibition values, whereas co-trimoxazole showed significant resistance. Fungal virulence was also examined through enzyme production (protease, lipase, and keratinase), indicating active infection potential. This study highlights the critical need for effective antifungal treatments and provides insight into the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of fungal infections in this region.