Synthesis and Characterization of New Series of Heterocyclic Schiff Bases Derivatives by Cyclization and Studying Their Antibacterial Activity

Thiazolidinone derivatives are known for their broad biological activities, particularly antibacterial properties. This study reports the synthesis of novel thiazolidinone derivatives from Schiff bases via cyclization with thioglycolic acid. The compounds were characterized using FT-IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, TLC, and melting point analysis. Antibacterial activity was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) (Gram-positive) as well as Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) (Gram-negative) using the Mueller Hinton agar diffusion method. The results revealed promising antibacterial efficacy, with structural modifications significantly influencing activity. These findings contribute to the development of thiazolidinone-based antibacterial agents and structure-activity insights.