Synthesis and Characterization of Some New Pyrazole and Pyrimidine Derivatives From Chalcones and Evaluation of Their Biological Effectiveness

This study includes the preparing a new series of pyrazolin and pyrimidine derivatives that are expected to have promising biological properties. The preparation process was achieved through cyclization reactions and optimized reaction conditions to ensure high purity and yield of the target compounds. The first step includes the synthesis of (E)-3-(4-aminophenyl)-1-(2-chloroquinolin-3-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (M1) from the reaction between 2-chloroquinoline-3-carbaldehyde and 1-(4-aminophenyl)ethan-1-one. The second step includes the synthesis of (E)-N-(4-(3-(2-chloroquinolin-3-yl)-3-oxoprop-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)benzamide(M2) via reaction a mixture of (E)-3-(4-aminophenyl)-1-(2-chloroquinolin-3-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (M1) and benzoyl chloride in the presence of pyridine. The third step includes the synthesis of pyrazole compounds (M3-M6) via the reaction of compounds (M2) with phenylhydrazine, hydrazine hydrate 80%, thiosemicarbazide, and hydrazine carboxamide, and finally, the production of pyrimidine compounds (M7-M8) via the condensation of compounds (M2) with thiourea and urea. The structures of the prepared compounds were confirmed using advanced analytical techniques, including (13C-NMR and 1H-NMR) spectroscopy, as well as infrared (IR) spectroscopy. These spectroscopic techniques provided detailed structural data that contributed to identifying and confirming the chemical structures of the new compounds. Furthermore, the biological activity of the prepared compounds was evaluated against a variety of microorganisms, including bacteria Escherichia coli, pseudomonas, and Staphylococcus aureus, The antibacterial activity of compounds (M3, M4, M6 and M7) showed a significant effect as inhibitors of bacterial growth, while the rest of the compounds showed a weak to moderate effect compared to antibiotics. The results of this research contribute to expanding the library of biologically important heterocyclic compounds and open new horizons for the development of potential drugs with improved efficacy and fewer side effects.