Development of an Electronic Safety Zone System to Reduce Infection Risk in Hospitals

Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) pose a significant threat to patient safety, particularly in high-density and high-contact environments such as inpatient wards. This project proposes the development of an automated, Arduino-based electronic system designed to enforce a protective safety distance around hospital beds. The system employs an ultrasonic distance sensor mounted beside the patient's bed to continuously monitor the surrounding area. When any individual breaches the pre-defined safety perimeter, the system triggers a set of immediate alerts, including visual indicators (LED lights), auditory alarms (buzzers), and a clear warning message displayed on an LCD screen. These signals aim to prompt visitors and medical personnel to maintain proper distancing, thereby minimizing the risk of pathogen transmission. The solution is low-cost, easy to implement, and adaptable for various healthcare settings, especially in resource-limited environments. By enhancing adherence to infection prevention protocols, this system supports public health goals and contributes to the broader effort to reduce HAIs and safeguard vulnerable patients.