Publication Details
Abstract
This paper presents an affordable digital medical diagnostic system that integrates a high-frequency x-ray generator, a digital flat-panel detector, and an ARM Cortex-M4 microcontroller for automated exposure control and real-time image processing. The prototype achieves a spatial resolution of 3.5 lp/mm and a detective quantum efficiency of 52% at 0.5 cycles/mm. It operates at a tube voltage of 40-125 kVp with an accuracy of ±2% and exposure times ranging from 0.01 to 3.2 seconds. Notably, a new feedback loop algorithm reduces patient dose by 23% compared to traditional systems while maintaining diagnostic image quality as per ISO 7004-1. With a total component cost of $4,850, it represents a 68% reduction compared to entry-level commercial systems. Validation was performed using anthropomorphic phantoms and cadaveric specimens across five anatomical regions. The system meets IEC 60601-1-3 safety standards and addresses healthcare challenges in underserved areas. Future developments will focus on incorporating machine learning for image enhancement and expanding the detector area for whole-body radiography.