Publication Details
Abstract
Gestational arterial hypertension (GH) complicates 6–8% of pregnancies and remains one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early identification of pregnant women at risk for GH is therefore a key component of preventive obstetric care. The aim of this study was to identify a risk group for the development of gestational hypertension using a questionnaire-based screening method and to justify its inclusion in routine antenatal care.
A total of 957 pregnant women registered for childbirth at the 3rd family polyclinic in Urgench city were examined. The assessment was based on a structured questionnaire consisting of two sections that included demographic data and major risk factors for gestational hypertension. In addition, hemoglobin concentration, blood pressure parameters, body weight gain, and subjective symptoms were evaluated. Based on the total score obtained, pregnant women were stratified into low-, moderate-, and high-risk groups for GH development.
The results demonstrated that 17.7% of the examined women belonged to the risk group for gestational hypertension, with 9.1% classified as having a high probability of GH development. High attributable and relative risk values were associated with excessive body weight gain in the first trimester (>3 kg), elevated hemoglobin concentration (>120–130 g/L), absence of a physiological decrease in diastolic blood pressure, and sleep disturbances. The development of gestational hypertension was found to significantly influence pregnancy outcomes and delivery methods, being associated with a higher frequency of obstetric complications and operative deliveries.
The findings confirm the effectiveness of the questionnaire-based approach for early identification of pregnant women at increased risk of gestational hypertension. Implementation of this screening tool in routine antenatal practice may contribute to timely preventive measures and reduction of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes.