Genetic Predisposition to Periodontal Diseases: Myth or Reality

Periodontal diseases, including gingivitis and periodontitis, are among the most prevalent oral health conditions worldwide. While bacterial infections are considered the primary cause, increasing evidence suggests a genetic component in disease susceptibility. This article explores the role of genetic predisposition in periodontal diseases through a comprehensive analysis of family-based studies, twin studies, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and epigenetic influences. The findings highlight that while genetics play a role, environmental and behavioral factors significantly modulate disease expression. The implications of genetic research for personalized periodontal treatment are also discussed.