Nosocomial Infections Associated with Mechanical Antisepsis, Catheterization, and Drainage Procedures: Mechanisms of Development and Prevention

Nosocomial infections remain one of the most significant problems in modern healthcare, particularly in invasive procedures such as catheterization, drainage, and mechanical antisepsis practices. This article analyzes the mechanisms of development, microbiological characteristics, and preventive strategies of infections associated with mechanical antisepsis and various catheter and drainage systems. The study revealed that the major causes of hospital-acquired infections include insufficient adherence to aseptic and antiseptic principles, colonization of catheter and drainage surfaces by biofilm-forming microorganisms, and the spread of antibiotic-resistant strains. In addition, the duration of catheterization, the patient’s immune status, and the hygienic conditions of hospital environments significantly contribute to infection development. The article highlights the importance of sterilization, disinfection, antimicrobial-coated catheters, healthcare worker hygiene, and infection-control protocols in reducing infection rates. The findings of this study provide an important scientific and practical basis for improving the prevention of nosocomial infections in surgical, intensive care, and resuscitation departments.