Publication Details
Abstract
Currently, in most countries worldwide, including the Republic of Uzbekistan, chemical pollution poses the greatest threat to human life and the environment. Due to the growing scale of chemical production, the increase in international trade, and the use of chemicals in all areas of economic activity and everyday life, this pollution has acquired a global character. The aim of this study was to develop objective quantitative criteria for the diagnosis, assessment of the severity of chemical injury, and determination of the main stages of thanatogenesis in acute combined poisoning. The material for the study was provided by the case histories and forensic examination reports of victims of acute poisoning and the authors' own observations (examinations) of the corpses of individuals who died from acute oral poisoning with malathion, chlorophos, dichloroethane, phenobarbital, acetic acid, and ethyl alcohol. The study found that the immediate causes of death in victims of acute combined poisoning are respiratory paralysis, toxic shock, and toxic coma, occurring within the first 24 hours after ingestion of the poisons. In more remote periods, death is most often due to pneumonia and acute renal and hepatic failure. The main toxicometric parameters of general toxicity determine the threshold, toxic (critical), and incompatible with life levels of poisons in the blood, making it possible to determine the severity of chemical injury. Toxicokinetic parameters of poisons are recommended as an additional quantitative criterion for assessing the severity of chemical injury and evaluating the effectiveness of therapeutic measures. Modern scientific research in forensic toxicology must, as a prerequisite, take into account the chronology of the pathological process. This is important for understanding the main stages of complex thanatogenesis in acute poisoning.