Publication Details
Abstract
Background: Imaging of the biliary tract has evolved considerably and plays a central role in the diagnosis of gallbladder diseases. Among available diagnostic tools, ultrasonography, serum bilirubin assessment, and histopathological examination are widely used for the evaluation of cholecystitis and cholelithiasis
Aim:This study aimed to assess the diagnostic correlation between ultrasonographic findings, serum bilirubin levels, and histopathological outcomes in patients presenting with gallbladder pathology.
Methods: This cross-sectional clinical study included 208 patients who underwent preoperative abdominal ultrasonography followed by cholecystectomy and histopathological examination. Demographic and clinical data were collected, and serum bilirubin levels were measured. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate diagnostic agreement between ultrasonography, serum bilirubin, and histopathology.
Results: Of the 208 patients, 162 were diagnosed with cholecystitis associated with cholelithiasis, while 46 had cholecystitis without gallstones. No significant differences were observed between groups with respect to age or gender distribution. Serum bilirubin levels were significantly higher in patients with gallstone-associated cholecystitis (p = 0.0004). Ultrasonography demonstrated excellent agreement with histopathological diagnosis (κ = 0.918), while serum bilirubin showed substantial agreement (κ = 0.893). The combined use of ultrasonography and serum bilirubin further enhanced diagnostic concordance.
Conclusion: Abdominal ultrasonography is a reliable and accurate first-line diagnostic modality for gallbladder disease, particularly when combined with serum bilirubin assessment. This integrated, non-invasive diagnostic approach supports early diagnosis, improves preoperative evaluation, and facilitates timely clinical decision-making