MODERN APPROACHES TO PREGNANCY AND LABOR MANAGEMENT IN WOMEN LIVING WITH HIV

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection remains one of the major global public health challenges, particularly among women of reproductive age. Advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART) have significantly improved reproductive outcomes and reduced maternal mortality and vertical transmission rates. The present article analyzes modern approaches to pregnancy and labor management in women living with HIV, with particular attention to antenatal monitoring, ART adherence, prevention of mother-to-child transmission, delivery strategies, and neonatal outcomes. Scientific publications, international clinical guidelines, and modern obstetric protocols were comparatively analyzed. The study demonstrates that timely diagnosis of HIV infection, early initiation of ART, regular viral load monitoring, and multidisciplinary management substantially improve maternal and fetal prognosis. Appropriate obstetric tactics and individualized delivery planning reduce the risk of vertical transmission to minimal levels. Psychological counseling, social support, and patient education are also essential components of comprehensive care. The findings confirm that modern evidence-based approaches allow women living with HIV to achieve favorable pregnancy outcomes and deliver healthy infants under adequate medical supervision.