Lexical Transformation and its Types

his article examines the types of lexical transformations used in translation, focusing on lexical substitution, antonymic translation, compensation, supplementation, and omission. Lexical transformation refers to the changes applied to words, phrases, and expressions during the translation process in order to preserve meaning, stylistic features, and communicative effect between the source and target languages. Since languages differ in vocabulary, cultural background, and semantic structure, translators often use lexical transformations to achieve equivalence and naturalness in translation. Transformation methods such as concretization, generalization, antonymic translation, supplementation, compensation, and omission are analyzed with examples.  The findings highlight that lexical transformations are dynamic, context-sensitive strategies rather than mechanical substitutions, emphasizing the creative and interpretive nature of translation.