Econometric Analysis of the Impact of International and Domestic Labor Mobility on Household Income in Uzbekistan

This study presents an econometric assessment of the impact of international and domestic labor mobility on household income in Uzbekistan. The primary objective is to comprehensively examine the effects of economic, demographic, institutional, and human capital factors influencing labor mobility on household income and to determine their statistical significance. Based on survey data collected from 454 respondents, a multivariate regression (MVREG) model was developed, and the empirical analysis was conducted using Stata 17.0. The model incorporates variables including computer literacy, educational attainment, foreign language proficiency, region of residence, age, duration of migration, migration channel, monthly remittance inflows, and the availability of support networks abroad. The findings demonstrate that human capital indicators, particularly computer literacy and educational attainment, have a statistically significant positive effect on migrants' income earned abroad. Furthermore, migration duration and the volume of remittances were identified as key determinants of the economic efficiency of labor mobility. Significant regional disparities in income indicate the need for differentiated labor market policies under conditions of regional labor market transformation. Forecasting results suggest that increasing household income, expanding investment and employment opportunities, and reducing poverty could substantially decrease the labor migration index by 2030. The findings provide an empirical basis for developing evidence-based policy recommendations aimed at regulating labor mobility, strengthening human capital, improving regional employment policies, and enhancing household welfare in Uzbekistan.