The Treatment of the Concept of Iltifāt in Yusuf Sakkākī’s Miftāḥ al-ʿUlūm

 This article examines the rhetorical device of iltifāt, which occupies an important place in Arabic and Uzbek literary studies. Drawing upon the teachings of Yusuf Sakkākī and other scholars of balāgha (rhetoric), the study analyzes its theoretical foundations, forms, and stylistic significance. The article defines iltifāt as a shift in the direction of discourse among the speaker, the addressee, and the absent third person. One of the main conclusions of the study is that iltifāt enriches literary style by introducing a new tone and semantic emphasis into the discourse, enhancing the listener’s attention and increasing the expressive power of the text.