Publication Details
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most serious gastrointestinal complications affecting preterm infants, particularly those with extremely low birth weight (ELBW). The disease is associated with intestinal inflammation, tissue necrosis and a high risk of severe neonatal complications. This study aims to evaluate the clinical course and main characteristics of NEC in preterm infants with ELBW. Particular attention is given to the onset of clinical symptoms, feeding intolerance, abdominal distension, systemic manifestations, disease severity and the need for surgical treatment. The clinical course of NEC in ELBW infants is influenced by profound immaturity, impaired intestinal perfusion, immature immune responses and difficulties in establishing enteral feeding. Early recognition of characteristic clinical signs and timely diagnostic and therapeutic intervention are essential for preventing disease progression. Assessment of risk factors and close monitoring of high-risk infants may contribute to earlier diagnosis and improved neonatal outcomes.