Publication Details
Abstract
This study examines the relationship between demographic change and socioeconomic development in India with special reference to population, literacy, and employment trends. Based on secondary data from official sources, the paper analyses how changes in demographic structure are linked with broader social and economic transformation. The study finds that India has been experiencing a gradual demographic transition reflected in changing population composition, rising urbanisation, improvement in literacy, and better labour market participation. It also highlights that progress in literacy and employment has contributed positively to human capital formation and development outcomes. At the same time, disparities related to gender and rural–urban differences continue to remain important challenges. The study concludes that population change, literacy expansion, and employment trends are closely interconnected and together provide an important framework for understanding the nature of socioeconomic development in India.