Abstract
When making managerial decisions under uncertainty, the lack of information, risk factors, and subjective views influence the outcome. Uncertainty is the avoidance of exact solutions, that is, a situation where one deviates from the optimal result. In any management process, decision-making is a critical stage. Decision-making is the process of selecting the best option from available alternatives to achieve a specific goal. In other words, it is the process of finding the optimal solution to a problem or desired result and implementing it in practice. However, in real life, decisions are not always made based on complete information or under precise conditions. Subjective and objective thinking, uncertainty, and insufficient data affect the quality of decisions and their outcomes. In many cases, decision-makers act under the influence of uncertainty and unknown factors. Therefore, decision-making in an uncertain environment has become an important research area in economics, management, psychology, and mathematics.