Publication Details
Abstract
This study examines how geopolitical tensions in the Middle East, with particular reference to Iran, indirectly shape the sustainability of basic education in Nigeria. Adopting a qualitative review approach, the paper draws on evidence from Nigerian media reports and policy commentaries to analyse the economic and social transmission channels through which these external shocks affect school systems. Findings indicate that fluctuations in global oil prices linked to Iran-related conflicts have intensified fuel price instability in Nigeria, thereby raising transportation costs and reducing school attendance. The study further reveals that inflationary pressures triggered by these global disruptions weaken household capacity to finance children’s education, contributing to dropout and irregular participation. In addition, government fiscal responses to oil market volatility tend to constrain funding for basic education, affecting infrastructure, instructional materials, and teacher welfare. The review also highlights how transport disruptions and policy instability undermine effective educational planning and delivery. The paper argues that while the Middle East crisis does not directly target Nigeria’s education sector, its ripple effects significantly shape access, equity, and quality in basic education. The study concludes that strengthening economic resilience and insulating the education sector from global shocks are critical for sustaining progress toward universal basic education in Nigeria.