Forensic Criteria for the Diagnosis of Morphofunctional Changes in the Spleen in Drug Poisoning

Drug poisonings play a significant role in the structure of non-violent deaths and often present significant diagnostic challenges in forensic practice. In cases of polypharmacy, self-medication, and chronic drug use, morphological manifestations of intoxication can be nonspecific. The spleen, as an organ involved in immune, hematopoietic, and detoxification processes, reflects the body's systemic response to toxic exposure. Studying morphofunctional changes in the spleen in acute and chronic drug intoxications is of practical interest for improving the objectivity of forensic medical assessments of the cause of death.