English for Specific Purposes (ESP) for Medical Purposes

English for Specific Purposes (ESP) for medical purposes (EMP) plays a crucial role in preparing medical students and professionals to participate in global healthcare, research, and patient-care environments where English is often the lingua franca. This article reviews theoretical foundations of EMP, examines recent empirical studies on course design, materials, and pedagogical strategies, and highlights challenges and recommendations for effective implementation. The review suggests that authentic materials, needs analysis, interactive methods (e.g. problem-based learning, simulations, role-plays), and integration of technology significantly improve learners’ medical-technical thinking, communication proficiency, and confidence.