Provision of Formal and Dynamic Equivalence in the English Translation of Temur's Codes

Translating Temur’s Codes into English is a delicate task that goes beyond word-for-word accuracy. As a historical and ideological document, the Codes demand both precision and cultural sensitivity. This article explores how formal and dynamic equivalence can be effectively applied in the translation process.
While formal equivalence ensures the structure and terminology of the original are preserved, dynamic equivalence allows the text to resonate with contemporary English-speaking readers. By analyzing selected passages, this study shows how both approaches can work together to maintain the authenticity of Temur’s Codes while making its messages accessible and meaningful in a different linguistic and cultural context.