Fair Use and AI Training: A Comparative Study between the U.S. and Uzbekistan

This article provides a comparative legal analysis of how the United States and Uzbekistan approach the issue of copyright law in the context of artificial intelligence (AI) training. As AI models increasingly rely on large datasets—often containing copyrighted material—questions about the legality of using such data without authorization have become central to intellectual property debates. The study explores the U.S. doctrine of fair use, which offers flexibility and potential legal protection for AI developers, contrasting it with Uzbekistan’s more restrictive copyright regime that lacks broad exceptions for innovative or transformative uses. By examining legal frameworks, case law, policy gaps, and technological implications, the article highlights the opportunities and challenges each country faces. The analysis concludes with recommendations for legal reform in Uzbekistan to better accommodate AI development while preserving the rights of creators, suggesting that harmonizing with international best practices could foster both innovation and intellectual property protection.