Analysis of Factors Influencing the Efficiency of Milk Production and Their Classification

This article analyzes the main factors influencing the efficiency of milk production and examines the classification of dairy cattle based on productivity levels. The study was conducted in farms and household plots of the Samarkand region, where data were collected on 616 cattle and the factors affecting their productivity. The Finite Mixture Model (FMM) was applied in the analysis, and cattle were classified into low, medium, and high productivity groups based on milk yield. The results showed that milk productivity largely depends on the quality and quantity of feed, breed characteristics, housing conditions, and the level of veterinary services. It was found that high-productivity groups are characterized by balanced rations, modern technologies, and efficient management practices. Based on the research findings, practical recommendations for improving milk production efficiency have been developed.