Publication Details
Abstract
UV radiation is a leading cause of various skin conditions, necessitating UV protection. Topical sunscreens are commonly used for this purpose, but traditional formulations have limitations. Nanotechnology has significantly advanced sunscreen formulations, addressing these limitations by improving UV protection and cosmetic appeal. This review covers various nanosystems used in sunscreens, such as polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, nanostructured lipid carriers, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, hydrogels, nanocrystals, mesoporous silica particles, niosomes, ethosomes, transfersomes, transethosomes, and sunspheres. These systems enhance sunscreen safety and effectiveness, improving distribution, photostability, SPF, UVA protection, and water resistance. Combination sunscreens, which use multiple active ingredients, provide broad-spectrum UVA and UVB protection. The article discusses sunscreen evaluation methods, including SPF for UVB protection, UVA protection, and water resistance. It also addresses the safety, regulation, and challenges of nanosystem-based sunscreens, emphasizing the importance of ongoing research and regulation to ensure safe development and use.